The power consumption often caused during the metal drilling process is manifested in the form of drilling heat and friction. These factors put the CNC insert under extreme processing 

conditions, with high surface load and high drilling temperature. High temperatures are often caused by high-speed loads along the rake face of the CNC insert, causing high pressure and 

significant friction on the drilling edge. During the production process, the CNC blade encounters hard points in the component film optics, or performs intermittent drilling, which can cause 

fluctuations in the cutting speed. Therefore, CNC cutting tools are required to have properties such as heat resistance, high wear resistance, high wear resistance, and high toughness. An 

important condition that affects the wear rate of almost all tool materials is the drilling temperature that is often exceeded during the production process. Unfortunately, there is no way to 

define the relevant parameter values for calculating drilling temperature, but experimental measurements can provide a basis for empirical formulas. Generally speaking, it is assumed that all 

the energy generated during the drilling process is converted into drilling heat, and 80% of the drilling heat will be taken away by cutting (this value will change with some factors, and the 

cutting amount is the main risk factor). This causes about 20% of the heat to enter the CNC blade. Even when drilling high carbon steel, the CNC blade temperature can exceed 550°C, and this 

temperature is the maximum temperature that HSS can withstand to maintain its strength. When drilling hardened steel with cubic boron nitride (CBN) CNC inserts, the CNC insert and cutting 

temperatures can exceed 1000°C. The relationship between CNC blade damage and CNC blade service life. The damage shapes of CNC blades can be divided into the following types: flank 

surface damage; groove damage; crescent depression damage; drilling edge chipping; thermal cracks; sudden failure.

The tooth surface treatment of the cutting edge of the cutter head. In many cases, the treatment (passivation treatment) of the drilling edge determines the success or failure of the processing.

The passivation parameters are determined by preset application settings. Generally speaking, continuous milling requires passivation of the drilling edge, which is the case for most steel and 

iron cutting. For harsh intermittent processing, it is necessary to increase the passivation treatment parameters or carry out T-LAND negative chamfering treatment on the drilling edge. In 

contrast, when processing stainless steel or nickel-based alloys, the cutter head needs to be passivated to obtain a small passivation period and a sharp cutting edge, which is due to the 

processing of such materials. At this time, it has the characteristics that it is very easy to cause built-up edge. Similarly, sharp drilling edges are also required when processing aluminum. In 

terms of geometry, ISCAR offers a number of cutter heads that use helical drilling edges. The contours of the drilling edges are evenly spaced around a circle along the centerline. The spiral 

blade rotates like a spiral. One of the benefits of the spiral edge design is to make the drilling process smoother and reduce chatter, thereby achieving higher surface smoothness. In addition, 

the spiral drilling edge can bear greater drilling load, allowing the removal of a large amount of metal material while reducing the cutting speed. Another advantage of CNC inserts with helical 

drilling edges is that the CNC inserts have longer service life due to lower cutting speeds and lower drilling heat.

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