The metalworking industry is undergoing significant changes. Without face milling, the complexity of the machining process would be unimaginable. The face milling process 

completes the processing of the reference surface by generating a plane and improves accuracy and surface quality parameters. Furthermore, the production of many 

rotating components is incomplete without face milling. It can be seen that the importance of face milling cannot be underestimated.

During face milling, the axis of the milling cutter remains perpendicular to the surface being machined. The vast majority of end milling cutters or face milling cutters are 

indexable tools with a common sleeve structure. They have various tool cutting edge angles (feed angles), such as 45°, 60°, 65°, 75°, 90°. Face milling cutters designed for 

efficient roughing using high-feed milling (HFM) have significantly smaller cutting edge angles, typically 10°-17°. In some cases, a box mill with a round insert can produce 

a very strong cutting edge. The cutting edge angle has a certain influence on the decomposition of cutting force. The cutting force acts on the normal plane of the tool axis 

and acts on the radial and axial directions of the workpiece, generating radial and axial cutting forces. Under other conditions being equal, the cutting edge angle determines 

the maximum depth of cut and also determines the application fields of face milling cutters to a large extent, making the 45° face milling cutter the most versatile. Such 

milling cutters have an important advantage, that is, in face milling, especially when machining open planar surfaces, 45° cutters are the first choice, ensuring a good balance 

of radial and axial cutting forces and obtaining a high-quality machined surface. , as well as cutting conditions that are conducive to tool advance or retraction. The most 

common type of face milling cutter is the 45° cutter. However, 45° face milling cutters have certain disadvantages, such as their inability to machine planes with side contour 

restrictions. In this case, all planes of the processed part have side profile restrictions. Even using a 45° face milling cutter close to the side wall will encounter difficulties. 

Therefore, usually, this kind of plane processing with side wall restrictions A face milling cutter with a 90° cutting edge angle will be used. In addition, the 90° tool ensures 

low axial forces and is suitable for machining thin-walled structural parts or cutting under poor clamping conditions. In addition to this, 90° face mill inserts provide greater 

depth of cut compared to 90° end mill inserts of the same size.

A smart move when designing a 90° face mill is to use the same insert as the 90° end mill. This concept has been widely adopted, resulting in high blade versatility. In order 

to ensure good surface roughness, the insert of a large-diameter multi-tooth indexable face mill should have a significantly larger dressing surface than an end mill, because 

end mills are characterized by a smaller number of teeth and therefore a smaller feed per revolution. Low. The tool manufacturer adhered to various principles during the 

development process, such as focusing on improving productivity, ensuring shoulder contour accuracy, and effective utilization of tungsten carbide, the main raw material of 

indexable inserts. The ideal design should provide superior solutions and comply with demanding processing requirements.

NEODO S90° is a 90° face milling cutter series equipped with 8 mm double-sided square carbide inserts. This series of inserts is suitable for roughing and semi-finishing of 

steel and cast iron. This double-sided insert design reflects a more durable insert construction and features 8 indexable cutting edges. The blade may look unremarkable, but 

a closer look reveals a complex shape on the sides of the blade, with a wide wiper plane on each cutting edge. This face milling cutter has positive and negative radial rake 

angles, ensuring precise 90° contours at milling depths up to 5mm. The NEODO S90° tool is capable of face and shoulder milling, while providing additional options for 

machining flat surfaces near constrained shoulders of workpieces or fixtures. (Figure 1) For the small tool diameter range of 32-63mm, ISCAR has launched the HELIDO 

Trigon series of tools. Features of this series of tools include high tooth density face milling cutters equipped with double-sided triangular inserts that can process true 90° 

contours and cut depths up to 4mm, with ultra-high productivity. Due to the triangular shape of the insert, it can provide 6 indexable cutting edges and form a positive rake 

angle in the radial and axial directions. Insert designs incorporating a wide wiper plane help improve surface roughness and can be used for ramp milling. (Figure 2) The 

LOQIQ-8-TANG face mill is equipped with an 8-edge tangential locking insert, providing a cost-effective solution for flat surface roughing near square shoulders. The 

tangential insert mounting concept combined with the dovetail clamping principle and durable insert construction results in a rugged tool design that can withstand heavy 

loads in roughing applications. 

ISCAR has also upgraded its HELIQUAD 90° milling cutter series that uses a traditional single-sided square insert design. Specifically, the newly upgraded inserts are mainly 

used for processing titanium and heat-resistant high-temperature alloys (HTSA), especially for milling near shoulder end faces.

In milling applications that require small tool diameters, MULTI-MASTER solid carbide replaceable face milling cutter heads with diameters of 12-25mm are an effective 

choice. Due to its multi-tooth design, the cutter head ensures efficient cutting at high feed rates. An important advantage of this unique face milling head is its high precision,

which is comparable to solid carbide tools. This level of precision improves machining accuracy and ensures excellent surface roughness.