9. Thermal cracks. Fine lines perpendicular to the cutting edge, causing damage to the cutting edge.

Reason 1. Rapid temperature change. Solution: Choose a grade or coating that resists thermal shock.

Reason 2. Mechanical impact or insufficient coolant supply. Solution: Increase coolant flow.

10. Gap. The blade is damaged by the impact of chips.

Reason: The chips are too long and curved, hitting the cutting edge and destroying the cutting edge. Solution: 1. Adjust the feed. 2. Select the appropriate groove shape. 3. Change the main declination angle of the tool.

11. Chips are out of control.

Problem 1. Long chips wrap around the tool or workpiece.

    Reason ① The groove shape is inappropriate, the feed is too small or the knife is too shallow. Solution: Choose a suitable geometry and increase feed and/or cutting depth.

    Reason ②The blade tip radius is large. Solution: Choose a small nose radius insert.

    Reason ③The main deflection angle is inappropriate. Solution: Adjust the main deflection angle.

Problem 2. The chips are too broken and violently splash and impact the chip edge, causing the blade edge to break.

    Reason ① The shape of the chip breaking groove is inappropriate and the feed is too large. Solution: Choose a groove shape suitable for large feed or reduce the feed.

    Reason ②The main deflection angle is inappropriate. Solution: Increase the entering angle as much as possible.

    Reason ③The tool tip fillet is too small. Solution: Choose a larger nose radius.